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Management Information Systems have taken on particular roles in Ministries of Education at central, regional and other levels of administration. The term Education Management Information System or EMIS implies a system incorporating these roles.
- The EMIS will usually be a country's source of education statistics - in many countries the EMIS might be decentralised to the regional level;
- it will provide indicators for monitoring change in the education system and allowing regional and international comparisons;
- it is intended to support policy planning and development;
- it should incorporate decision support capabilities, such as projection models allowing the expected effects of existing or proposed policies to be simulated;
- it analyses educational data, drawing managers' attention to critical features of the education system;
- it might include a Geographic Information System (GIS) for analysing data geographically and supporting the expansion and development of the education system in specific areas or localities.
Information provided by an EMIS is not only used by decision makers in the Ministry of Education, but also by, for example, other ministries, international agencies, academics, publishers, providers of educational materials and politicians. In developing countries, development or donor agencies tend to rely heavily on the EMIS when designing projects and for monitoring and evaluation purposes.
Although the term EMIS is widely used, its scope varies significantly from country to country. Contributing factors might be the users' information needs, limitations or opportunities brought about by different systems of administration, available resources and various other factors.
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